12 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Diagnosis #causes #urology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... heme-granular casts ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... antibodies #diagnosis #rheumatology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine microscopy ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
at least 50% Renal ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Syndromes - OnePager ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... Syndromes (PRS) ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... hematuria, RBC casts
Approach to Microscopic Hematuria 

Microscopic hematuria is often incidental but may be associated with urologic malignancy.
Approach to Microscopic ... associated with urologic ... RBC's, cellular casts ... with cystoscopy & renal ... diagnosis #management #urology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age • 22 and 45 cases ... abnormal under the microscope ... abnormal under a microscope ... abnormal under the microscope ... #diagnosis #hematology
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
resolved after 2-3d ... Northeast Africa with cases ... Several cases have ... Syndrome: 3d of ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
pulmonary and renal ... PR3-ANCA): • Microscopic ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... • Urinalysis (Renal ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology