23 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Summary A defect in arterial ... cycles after right atrial ... passage • Arterial ... blood gas (ABC)
Complete AV Canal Defect on Echocardiogram

Among pts with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, those with Eisenmenger syndrome have
Among pts with Pulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... with Eisenmenger syndrome ... have the best prognosis ... AVCanal #Defect #a4c
Approach to the Hypotensive Patient - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hypotension

Blood Pressure = Heart Rate x
Approach to the ... • Sick sinus syndrome ... tachycardia • Atrial ... depletion • Pulmonary ... embolism • Pericardial
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Embolism, Obstructive ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... to neurologic injury ... embolus SHUNT ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... shunting (eg, atrial
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
arterial hypertension ... Transthoracic echocardiogram ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... pressure, Pulmonary ... pressure < 15mmHg TREATMENT
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Cause Injury By ... Differential Diagnosis ... ↑ Suspicion -> TEE
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
embolism Pathophysiology ... regurgitation) Diagnosis ... • TTE with Doppler ... thromboembolic material ... Bypass Other Treatment
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Syndromes - OnePager ... quantify renal injury ... o infection • Echocardiogram ... blood retum in serial ... #management #treatment
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... syndrome • Fibroelastoma ... cause injury by ... hematuria, + RF Treatment