17 results
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Malnutrition with Hypomagnesemia ... NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... (CaSR) • Hypomagnesemia ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... absorption - Hyperparathyroidism ... Addison's disease) #Hypermagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypomagnesemia ( ... Hypocalcemia • Hypoparathyroidism ... calcitriol #Hypomagnesemia
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Hypermagnesemia ... DrEricStrong #Hypermagnesemia ... High #Magnesium #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... DrEricStrong #Hypomagnesemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Hyperphosphatemia, Low PTH: Hypoparathyroidism ... contrast agents • Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hyperthyroidism - Hyperparathyroidism ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypokalemia • Hypomagnesemia ... PO4 > 5%: • Hyperparathyroidism
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hyperparathyroidism ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia