3 results
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
atrium. ... Congenital: MV clefts ... valve - Secondary ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
serum creatinine, test ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Mechanical heart valve ... • Left atrial ... #diagnosis #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #management #cardiology