8 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Note: Surgical Emergency ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Classic ... patient with known AAA ... Pathophysiology: ... compression of AAA
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... of end organ damage ... : • Pathophysiology ... #TLS #diagnosis
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
polymorphisms alter ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... with the same symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... headache #redflags #signs ... #emergency #diagnosis
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Hypertension/Hypertensive emergency ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... factor PRES Diagnosis ... Neurological symptoms ... circulation: MCA ACA
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... Exertional Heat Stroke: EMERGENCY
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
cycle to uncover pathophysiology ... loss of a-angle (aka ... event needing emergency ... oscillations - Sign ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis