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nephrology differential causes algorithm hyperkalemia hypokalemia management gitelman high syndrome treatment abg acid acidbase aniongap base bloodgas chloride criticalcare disorders
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... of sodium and potassium ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
Metabolic alkalosis ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea pH Normal 1. Decreased Mg 2. Intracellular Shift
Differential Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Diagnosis ECF ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... • Severe potassium ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup Blood Work: - Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis - Elevated
Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Elevated ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... - Normal Renal Ultrasound ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
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