17 results
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... glucose, fluid, salt ... - Metabolic ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... from hormonal and metabolic ... abnormalities before refeeding ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
and Bilirubin Metabolism ... insult Bilirubin metabolism ... #ASTALT #AlkPhos ... Bilirubin #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
, CNS/muscular disorders ... Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Contraction Urine Cl ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis #algorithm #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... autosomal recessive salt-losing ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... bodies are a normal metabolic ... development of re-feeding ... syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... #AcidBase #disorders
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
and decreased metabolism ... Inherited Urea Cycle Disorders ... rare): - Reye syndrome ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pancreatitis management checklist 
Evaluation to guide etiology & management 
 - RUQ ultrasound 
 - Calcium
abdominal compartment syndrome ... or postpyloric feeding ... Pain control - Start ... May consider metabolic ... Pancreatitis #Checklist #Diagnosis
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology ... other neurological disorders ... Anti-GAD Ab (>1000u/ml ... limb or joint disorders