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Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Risk Factors For Active ... Active: Symptomatic ... Asymptomatic Active ... assessing for active ... Active TB: •
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Risk Factors For Active ... Active: Symptomatic ... Asymptomatic Active ... assessing for active ... Active TB: •
Nodular pattern(2)
1. Sarcoidosis: nodules with perilymphatic distribution, along fissures, adenopathy.
2. TB: Tree-in-bud appearance in a patient
TB: Tree-in-bud ... a patient with active ... TB. 3.
Tuberculosis Testing

LATENT TB
• LTBI is diagnosed when an asymptomatic patient has a positive TST or IGRA
Testing LATENT TB ... IGRA/QuantiFERON-TB ... TB AFB smear microscopy ... Diagnosis #Workup #TB ... #Latent #Active
On the left some diseases with a nodular pattern.
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary
Miliary TB: random ... TB: Tree-in-bud ... a patient with active ... TB. 7.
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Typically from TB ... patients with TB ... signs/symptoms of active ... pulmonary TB PE ... #Tuberculosis #TB
Notice the cavitation especially on the right.
In the left upper lobe there is probably some traction-bronchiectasis
#Tuberculosis #TB ... #Active #SecondaryTB
Miliary Tuberculosis 
Hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
Clinical: 
 • Failure to thrive 
 • Fever
• Failure to thrive ... #Tuberculosis #TB
Initiation of ART in HIV patients with Opportunistic Infections
 • Pulmonary TB and CD4 cell count
• Pulmonary TB ... • Pulmonary TB ... count >50 • CNS TB
Tuberculin Skin Test Interpretation - Threshold for treatment
Induration cutoff >5mm:
 • Recent exposure to an individual
individual with active ... TB • Abnormal ... consistent with old TB