4 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... saline) in the right ... septal #defect #a4c ... #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Small secundum ASD ... #cardiology #clinical ... #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Differential Diagnosis ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... • Left sided > Right ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
specific questions to ask ... Cataract Plan for Meds ... one post op Cardiology ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis