10 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
anatomic shunt (Type 2) ... upright position • Hypoxemia ... cycles after right atrial ... blood gas (ABC) ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... - Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... echocardiogram #s4c
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... receptor type 2) ... hemangiomatosis 2. ... /or hypoxia Chronic ... Classification #Diagnosis #Differential
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... • Definite: (>2 ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Endocarditis Summary ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
pulmonary hypertension ... bubbles = PFO 2. ... >LAP as atrial septum ... stretched PFO or ASD ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... Digital clubbing (2- ... polycythemia from chronic hypoxia ... CT) • Broncho-arterial ... #differential #
The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 1 – In an initiating phase, there is lung alveolar
of idiopathic pulmonary ... bind the Arg-Gly-Asp ... activation. 2 – ... conditions, fibroblasts differentiate ... AEC = alveolar epithelial
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Differential #
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
the first 1 to 2 ... (fever, cough, hypoxia ... , and pulmonary ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... starting ART < 2