12 results
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Physiologic Causes ... disorders - Chronic pulmonary ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... - Most Common Cause ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... mitral regurgitation ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... → TEE • Duke Criteria
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
other obvious causes ... artery pressure ... Peak tricuspid regurgitation ... artery diameter ... diagnosis Diagnostic criteria
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Uncommon Causes ... Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... capillaries • Criteria ... insufficiency shortly after ... #differential #diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Vasculitis Differential ... Superficial temporal artery ... disturbance • Temp. artery ... often causes arthritis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
collapse Immune ... usually 4 weeks after ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... by immune mechanisms ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... Necrotizing, pauci-immune ... respiratory tracts Immune ... often causes arthritis ... Superficial temporal artery
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... specific diagnostic criteria ... pulmonary infiltrates ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... Inflammatory #Syndrome #Differential