9 results
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Disease - Mitral ... (1) Thickened ... spontaneous echo contrast ... (7) patient in atrial ... clinical #cardiology #a4c
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Mitral valve doesn ... t look typical rheumatic ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
stenosis Rheumatic ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... thrombus - When large ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... cardiology #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiomyopathy, rheumatic ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Diagnosis: • Rheumatic ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
on this saline contrast ... 1. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... stretched PFO or ASD ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Pain - Arthritis Differential ... peripheral vs axial ... lasting > 30 mins - 1 ... or more joints Viral ... • Bacterial endocarditis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Glomerulonephritis DDX: • Rheumatic ... #Differential #