11 results
Classic Digoxin-Associated Arrhythmias
 • Atrial fibrillation with an unusually slow ventricular response
 • Atrial Fibrillation with
Complete Heart Block ... Tachycardia with 2: ... 1 AV BlockBidirectional ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #ecg #ekg #electrocardiogram
Multifocal Atrial Arrhythmias on ECG
Multifocal atrial rhythm & Multifocal atrial tachycardia
ECG Recognition:
 • Variable P wave
Arrhythmias on ... ECG Multifocal ... not gradual in contrast ... Some P waves are blocked ... #tachycardia #cardiology
Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks

First Degree AV Block - "If your R is far from your P than
- Mobitz Type 2 ... a Mobitz Type 2" ... independently of the atria ... heart #heartblock #cardiology ... #ecg #ekg #diagnosis
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Differential Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c #pocus #bubble
Myocarditis 

5 Principles of
Myocarditis:
1. Build clinical suspicion
2. Decide on EMBx
3. Manage acute cardiac injury
4. Manage chronic
Myocarditis: 1. ... clinical suspicion 2. ... Cardiogenic shock, Arrythmias ... Findings: - AV block ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Lead AVR on ECG
1. Acute myocardial infarction: ST elevation > 1.5 mm in aVR, indicative of
1. ... failure, and death. 2. ... Subepicardial atrial ... • Predictor of arrhythmia ... #differential #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Decompensated HF ... Common Sustained Arrhythmia ... Cardioversion 1. ... cardioversion 2. ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
Hypokalemia • Bundle ... branch block • ... Intermediate burden: >1 ... capture of the atria ... #differential #cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... Early transit of bubbles ... = PFO 2. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... intrapulmonary #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... Obtain EKG if: ... CV disease - Arrhythmia ... one post op Cardiology ... CARP, DECREASE V trials