6 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... in the distal tubule ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... up an ischemic CVA ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... stroke #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... (DCT) Clinical ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... in the proximal tubule ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
patient presented to clinic ... Entering VA was ... An APD was noted ... the hospital, diagnosed ... ophthalmology #neurology
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity

Hypernatremia (HyperNa):
 - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
Anticoagulation Toxicity Hypernatremia ... free, ionized Ca ... dysfunction or low ... Toxicity #toxicology #nephrology ... #diagnosis