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differential pathophysiology algorithm alkalosis syndrome acidosis anticoagulation causes checklist citrate hypochloremia hypokalemia ischemic management nagma nonaniongap normal stroke toxicity toxicology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... in the distal tubule ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... in the proximal tubule ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
How do you work up an ischemic CVA? A) Initial Evaluation • ABCs • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... Chloride Intoxication ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Workup #nephrology
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity Hypernatremia (HyperNa): - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
Anticoagulation Toxicity Hypernatremia ... dysfunction or low ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Toxicity #toxicology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
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