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differential syndrome metabolic algorithm alkalosis hypokalemia pathophysiology acidosis bartter causes hypophosphatemia management nagma nonaniongap normal phosphate urinary
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Differentiating Gitelman ... Chloride • Urine ... Ca/Cr ratio ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Urine chloride is ... in the proximal tubule ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... in the distal tubule ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup Blood Work: - Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Elevated Renin Urine ... autosomal dominant kidney ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Workup #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... Chloride Intoxication ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... volume contracted: urine ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework Rule ... leukemia Measure Urine ... #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Congenital chloride ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
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