12 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... history Step #2 ... #nephrology #insipidus ... #DI
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... - Vasopressin-2 ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... 2) No major-risk ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... in the distal tubule ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
2. ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... #Summary #Nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... : • Anti-GAD Ab ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology