12 results
Classification of Neonatal Seizures
Subtle 
Clonic 
 - Focal 
 - Multifocal 
Tonic 
 - Focal
Neonatal Seizures Subtle ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Peds #Pediatrics ... #Neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... in the distal tubule ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis ECF ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... in the proximal tubule ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes