7 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... spondylosis -> Commonly hyperextension ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and signs of end-organ ... kidney injury). ... and metabolic alkalosis ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... diuretics after renal tubule ... indicates a renal tubule ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... in the proximal tubule ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal convoluted tubule ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Metabolic alkalosis ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... weakness • Hypotension ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology