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diagnosis nephrology differential algorithm causes chloride hypertension hypochloremia hypokalemia indications management secondary urinary urine workup
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... alkalosis - ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... after fasting #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... in the proximal tubule ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal convoluted tubule ... alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
alkalosis - Fistulas ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
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