13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
acidosis: Proximal and ... Renin secreting tumor ... HTN Absent: Loop and ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
• Skin and/or ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Renin-secreting tumor ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and ... treated with IV potassium ... Renin secreting tumor ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... in size (micro and ... (e.g. stroke, tumor ... • Epilepsy • Psychiatric ... #diagnosis #neurology
String Test in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS)

A positive string test in a confabulating patient with Wernicke's-Korsakoff syndrome.
These
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome ... to suggestion and ... WKS #clinical #neurology ... #physicalexam # ... psychiatry
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome ... differentiate right and ... patient is still able ... Brain Injury, Tumor ... #neurology #diagnosis
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
benign • Regular and ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... trauma/orbital tumor ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and ... • Recent IV potassium ... lysis syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and ... • Recent IV potassium ... lysis syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... An APD was noted ... a Half Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam # ... ophthalmology #neurology