8 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... Cl- outside the kidneys ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Urine K+ <13 mEq ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... other • Severe potassium ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... is aimed at the psychiatric ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Chronic progressive kidney ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Weakness - Dark urine ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Monitor potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium