14 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... on Brain Imaging ... #imaging #patterns ... #MRI #Neurology ... pathology #diseases #radiology
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Cardioembolic: Atrial fib ... Endocarditis, Acute MI ... embolism, Occult a-fib ... #causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... : • Vascular: Stroke ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... #Causes #neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
brain w/o contrast ... +/- TEE (high Afib ... ischemic #CVA #stroke ... #workup #diagnosis ... #checklist #neurology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Imaging Patterns ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Diagnosis Framework ... Impairment: • Acute stroke ... changes - Common pattern ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Heat injury, Heat stroke ... ) • AKI: BUN/Cr ... #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... may precede the neurologic ... Imaging Patterns ... Reversible course Differential ... Constipation, Seizures, Stroke
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... Hypoglycemia • Hypovolemia ... due to decreased brain ... flow (VT/Vfib/Afib ... #Palpitations #Cardiology