35 results
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... Prosthetic valve • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus ... Bifurcation of carotid artery ... #Diagnosis #causes
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Cardioembolic: Atrial ... , LV aneurysm, Endocarditis ... etiologies: Carotid artery ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
200ms from longer pause ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis ... electrocardiogram #cardiology ... #differential
Etiology of Splenic Infarction:
 • Hypercoagulability: Factor V Leiden, Antiphospholipid syndrome, Malignancy
 • Embolic disease: Atrial
Embolic disease: Atrial ... PFO, Infective endocarditis ... , Marantic endocarditis ... Infarction #spleen #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential # ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
control with early Afib ... thrombus • Digoxin ... Anticoagulation ≥4 weeks after ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Anatomical Differential Diagnosis for Arrhythmias
 • SA node: Sinus bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
 • AV
Anatomical Differential ... Diagnosis for Arrhythmias ... Fibrillation (V-Fib ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #cardiology
Causes of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STRUCTURAL:
 - PFO: paradoxical emboli
 - Popliteal
Causes of Arterial ... Diagnosis Framework ... - Popliteal artery ... aneurysm: Causes ... NBTE (marantic endocarditis
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
evaluating for other causes ... ., A-Fib also a ... in relation to ECG ... Embolism #AcutePE #diagnosis ... #cardiology #electrocardiogram