2023 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
serum ascites albumin ... gradient (SAAG) ... SAAG #ascites #albumin ... #gradient #hepatology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Gradient (SAAG) ... #Table #Serum #Albumin ... #Gradient #SAAG
Deciphering the SAAG - Serum to Ascites Albumin Gradient
Ascites is either made in the liver sinusoid
Serum to Ascites Albumin ... Gradient Ascites ... designed to keep albumin ... likely to allow albumin ... #Gradient #Interpretation
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... by A-a Gradient ... Normal A-a Gradient ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... pulmonary #Aa #Gradient
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

•
Perform paracentesis:
 • Cell count and diff 
 • Total
Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm ... protein • Fluid albumin ... and serum albumin ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
0.6 cm2/m2, mean gradient ... transvalvular gradient ... , inconsistent grading ... <1 cm2 with a gradient
Practical Approach to Grading Diastolic Dysfunction

#Diagnosis #Cardiology #Diastolic #Diastology #Dysfunction #Grading #Classification #Grades #Criteria #Algorithm #Assessment
Practical Approach to Grading ... #Dysfunction #Grading ... Grades #Criteria #Algorithm
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the A-a Gradient ... A-a gradient = ... PAO2 - PaO2 A-a gradient ... - PaO2 Normal Gradient ... A-a Gradient
Subtypes of Serum Proteins

Pre-albumin (Transthyretin)
Albumin
Globulins
 • Alpha-1: Alpha-1 antitrypsin, Serum amyloid A, Ceruloplasmin, Corticosteroid-binding globulin (Transcortin),
Proteins Pre-albumin ... Transthyretin) Albumin ... Proteins #Subtypes #algorithm
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Diagnosis Algorithm
Bubble echo is the first piece of the puzzle. The nail on
HPS) Diagnosis Algorithm ... the dx is an A-a gradient ... HPS #Diagnosis #Algorithm