15 results
Causes of Isolated Neutropenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Congenital
Medications
 • Anticonvulsants
 • Antibiotics
 • Antithyroid
 • Antihypertensive
Anticonvulsants • Antibiotics ... • Epstein-Barr Virus ... Gram Positive Bacteria ... Gram Negative Bacteria ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Antibiotic Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diagnosis:
 • Non-Infectious: Malignant, Autoimmune, Drug-related (NMS, serotonin syndrome,
Pseudo-cellulitis / "CAP ... Bug: Atypical bacteria ... Aggressive: MRSA bacteremia ... Tissue penetration (CNS ... • Secondary to Treatment
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
pathogen (e.g., bacteria ... Exogenous Pyrogen: • Bacteria ... components → Stimulate immune ... circumventricular organs CNS ... PGE2 stimulates cAMP
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Encephalitis and Bacterial ... paresis) features Bacterial ... Develops in the immune ... differentiate bacterial ... meningitis • In Bacterial
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
EXOGENOUS PYROGEN • Bacteria ... derivatives, Toxins • Virus ... → Stimulate immune ... circumventricular organs CNS ... PGE2 stimulates cAMP
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Schedule: Why we immunize ... via droplets, bacterial ... and URT causes CNS ... pneumoniae -> Bacterial ... if symptomatic can
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
acid by colonic bacteria ... Polyethylene glycol can ... non-absorbable antibiotic ... ammonia-producing colonic bacteria ... #hepatology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
mutations) • Immune ... - β-lactam antibiotics ... HCV - HIV • Immune ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Anemia #oncology #hematology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
urinary catheter and immune ... Pathophysiology: • Bacteria ... Coli, but can also ... Management: • Empiric antibiotics ... data • Early treatment
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
underlying genetic immune ... signs and symptoms can ... • Bicytopenia Treatment ... rapidly, and empiric antibiotic ... #hematology