15 results
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
Diagnosis and Management ... duodenum Clinical Signs ... • Should be on differential ... de novo between aorta ... or within the aorta
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
can't make A-OK sign ... ), ligamentous injury ... brachial artery injury ... fracture • ED Management ... #MSK
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... • Due to injury ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
anterior sail sign ... fracture • ED Management ... II-IV, pending orthopedic ... XRay #Diagnosis #Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... brachial artery injury ... II-IV, pending orthopedic ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
or spinal cord injury ... Mechanical → severe aortic ... dissection of ascending aorta ... types #diagnosis #management ... #criticalcare #differential
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... < 30 years - Aorta ... branches • GCA: - Aorta ... purpura: strong sign ... LFT • ESR • ANA
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria • Signs ... renal vein between aorta ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
risk (>5%): - Aortic ... Intraabdominal - Orthopedic ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... and undergoing AAA ... medical and surgical management