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Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Clinical Presentation ... presentation) • Cutaneous ... • Symptoms of anemia ... younger pts) Differential ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #anemia
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
69% - Malar rash ... - Hemolytic anemia ... (aPL) 30-45% Differential ... , Cutaneous mimickers ... Other auto-immune, Infectious
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... permanent alopecia Differential ... fibromyalgia) • Infections ... lymphoproliferative syndrome Clinical ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia
Erythemas Summarized
Erythema ab igne
 • A dermatosis that results from repeated exposure to heat (fires, heating
(cutaneous or systemic ... Rash is usually ... Erythemas #comparison #table ... #differential # ... diagnosis #dermatology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
gangrenosum • Cutaneous ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... due to cold IgG ... • Lupus anticoagulant ... #Monoclonal #Differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... Coli - P. ... Lung Abscess Differential
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
disease • Systemic lupus ... Petechial or purpuric rash ... SJIA], systemic lupus ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... with leukopenia, anemia