9 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Benign paroxysmal ... vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived ... Long symptom-free ... Positional symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Malnutrition due to chronic ... overload) Other Symptoms ... Syndrome #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential ... processed grains - Chronic ... Korsakoff Syndrome - Chronic ... Manifestations #Differential ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Short Bowel Syndrome - Acute and Chronic Adverse Signs and Symptoms of Ileal Resection
 • Dehydration
Short Bowel Syndrome ... - Acute and Chronic ... Adverse Signs and Symptoms ... Syndrome #Signs #Symptoms ... Ileal #Resection #pathophysiology
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms ... gum disease from chronic ... indication of chronic ... Russell's Sign • Sores ... BulimiaNervosa #pathophysiology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... • Malar rash - spares ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms ... with Lupus: • Chronic
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age 70 years Symptoms ... Pinpoint-sized red spots ... Marrow Failure • Chronic ... blood count with differential
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
85% • < 50% in chronic ... infection) • Chronic ... Inhalation of spores ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... : • Acute or chronic