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diagnosis differential leg management msk signs spinalcord symptoms acute algorithm anisocoria barre behcet cancer cauda caudaequina causes clinical cord dermatomes
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
due to severe compression ... or absent lower extremity ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... ->Cord compression ... hyperextension -> Upper extremity ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes Reflexes: • Knee - L2, L3, L4 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... fracture or prolonged compression ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
cord compression ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... Symptoms: • Upper extremity ... , lower extremity ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain: • Fracture • Arthritis • Gout/pseudogout
deficiency etc) • Spinal ... stenosis/nerve compression ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... diagnosis #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES: Hyperviscosity Syndrome: • Spontaneous bleeding • Shortness of breath
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... of breath • Neurologic ... Malignant Epidural Spinal ... Cord Compression ... • Dyspnea at rest
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
Horner's Syndrome ... decompress the spinal ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam # ... neurology #Anisocoria
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 Behçet's Syndrome Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy Epidemiology: • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... white matter, spinal ... Positive pathergy test ... is a skin prick test ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... paralysis of all extremity ... and sensitive tests ... axonal • MRI - Spinal ... diagnosis #management #neurology
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