10 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... 1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Moyamoya • Toxic: Alcohol ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... • Uremia • Alcohol ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Physiologic Approach ... time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Methanol, Isopropyl Alcohol ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... a physiologic approach ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... ketoacidosis • Alcoholic ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential