19 results
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Dose-dependent tremor, ataxia ... dizziness, diplopia, ataxia ... Systemic effect -> Nausea ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
Alexia Without Agraphia ... Alexia without ... the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... neurology #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... Alzheimer's (1% of cases ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
Inhibited Pathway caused ... effects including ataxia ... use of N2O can cause ... #Pathophysiology
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
has a number of causes ... Ataxic Breathing ... Blot's Breathing) Ataxic ... Causes include ... Abnormal #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is one of several disorders of the electrical system of the heart that
WPW is caused by ... pathway between the atria ... #Pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... electrolyte losses - Ataxia ... Hyperventilation, Dizziness, Nausea ... muscle function, Ataxia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive Pericarditis 

A 50-year-old woman with a remote history of mediastinal lymphoma (age
on her chest (photo ... Causes = RV failure ... pericarditis (this case ... Kussmauls #Sign #PhysicalExam
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Opthaloplegia • Ataxia
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Caused commonly ... Pathophysiology: ... pleurothotonus #PhysicalExam