10 results
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: • ... B12/folate/combined ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
80-100 fL) • Bleeding ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Deficiency • ... Folate Deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
of confusion, ataxia ... (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... Syndrome #diagnosis #comparison
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
S Stroke 1 B Bleeding ... history/anemia ... drinks/week) 1 #CHADS2 ... CHADS2VASc #HASBLED #Comparison ... AFib #Diagnosis #Hematology
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency
 • Decreased dietary intake - uncommon in this era
 • Increased requirements
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency ... have hemolytic anemia ... interfered with leading ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #nutrition
Etiologies of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
 • Inadequate intake - Rare but seen in very strict vegans
deficiency. ... pump blockers is leading ... autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #nutrition
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... - Parvovirus B19 ... #oncology #hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Vitamin C deficiency ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... ) - Waddling gait ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... : vitamin B12 or ... folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper deficiency ... Syndromes #diagnosis #hematology