7 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... diarrhea), Sweat ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... #Differential # ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diarrhea ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Low #Potassium #Table
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... contracted: urine chloride ... diarrhea (congenital ... Refeeding after fasting ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypokalemia, mild hypomagnesemia ... renal potassium wasting ... ) • Hypomagnesemia ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... diarrhea Potential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... ), Eating disorders ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential