12 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... #Differential # ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Low #Potassium #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... Hypercalcemic states - Primary ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... Hypercalcemic states, Primary ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... thiazide-like diuretics), Primary ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney K wasting ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome ... , Primary hyperaldosteronism ... hypernatremia - Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Features #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... , physical and testing ... • Vomiting, diarrhea ... Skin changes • Urinary ... Colorectal CA • Urinary