10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... consumption • Low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
volume contracted: urine ... diarrhea (congenital ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... volume expanded: urine ... other • Severe potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... diarrhea Potential ... Supplement: • Potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Diarrhea B. ... progressive kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... loads (ammonium chloride
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
after starvation, Acute ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Travel History - Clues to Infectious Disease Diagnosis in a Traveler 
 • Where did you
to Infectious Disease ... association • How ... → Travelers' diarrhea ... - Fleas → Murine ... HPI #Interview #InfectiousDiseases
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
• Acute Hemolytic ... flank pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
- Acute Hemolytic ... flank pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low