10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... Potassium #Table #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential #
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Hypokalemia • Hypomagnesemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... #LowPhosphate #Differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential # ... Magnesium #Table #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis • Chronic diarrhea ... acidosis due to diarrhea ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... cause metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypokalemia, mild hypomagnesemia ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Low #Potassium #Classification
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
imbalances (low FSH and LH ... lead to metabolic alkalosis ... loss of HCO3- in diarrhea ... Complications #pathophysiology