7 results
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
, mild hypomagnesemia ... potassium wasting) • Hypomagnesemia ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Congenital chloride ... diarrhea Potential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Medication • Hypomagnesemia ... tubular acidosis • Gitelman's ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... #Differential # ... Potassium #Table #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... syndromes - Gitelman ... #Differential # ... Magnesium #Table #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... diarrhea), Sweat ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis due to diarrhea ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #differential