9 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Chronic diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #hypomg
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... (K) & magnesium( ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... diagnosis #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Metabolic alkalosis ... • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... • Magnesium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... Magnesium deficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
dark urine, DIC, hypoTN ... Causes purpura & ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
pruritis, fv & hypoTN ... Causes purpura & ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low