6 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... combination of UMN ... (3) primary lateral ... conditions listed in differential ... neurology #diagnosis #management
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
→ Primary hyperapara ... likely - Mid range/ULN ... → Primary hyperpara ... • If all normal ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... • ALP > 1.5 x ULN ... bile ducts Differential ... malignancy #Primary
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... AST/ALT (5-10x ULN ... infiltration) Differential ... obgyn #diagnosis #management ... #pathophysiology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN ... Hyperreflexia, Clonus, Babinski ... Progressive MS • Primary ... sclerosis #diagnosis #management
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Management
A. Initiate therapy 
 - Initiate 1st line therapy with UDCA (13-15
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Management ... if ALP > 1.5x ULN ... and/or abnormal ... disease #PBC #Primary