13 results
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Tests - Differential ... Severe - ALT >15X ULN ... Ducts - PBC ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Peritonitis - Spontaneous vs Secondary vs Peritoneal Dialysis Associated Peritonitis
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
 • Cirrhosis (high SAAG)
) + ascites w/ PMN ... > 250 • Treatment ... glucose < 50, LDH ULN ... Positive Culture • Treatment ... Peritoneal #diagnosis #differential
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Liver Enzymes - Differential ... disease US — Normal ... Bile Ducts • PSC ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... #LiverEnzymes #Differential
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

•
Perform paracentesis:
 • Cell count and diff 
 • Total
Ascites - Differential ... Check ascites WBC ... and PMN • Calculate ... MatthewHoMD #Ascites #Differential ... gastroenterology #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
• ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... • ALP > 1.5 x ULN ... bile ducts Differential ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
reported (eg AIH-PBC ... upper limit of normal ... AND IgG > 2x ULN ... regarding need for treatment ... Diagnosis #Management #Hepatology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
) Differential ... • Abnormal temperature ... bacteremia • Abnormal ... #Bandemia #differential ... #CBC #hematology
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
: cell count + differential ... source • SBP: PMN ... count (WBC x PMN ... 50mg/dL, LDH > ULN ... Management #Summary #Hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ... ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ... - If both are normal ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential ... #Hepatology #transaminitis
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
(>10^6 IU/mL), normal ... (<2000 IU/mL), normal ... Presence of CP or PC ... IU/mL and ALT > ULN ... Indications #management #hepatology