18 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
Algorithm CONSIDER ... Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... cell membrane - Beta ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... cell membrane - Beta ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... #potassium #high ... #algorithm #treatment
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... duration CLASS 2 - Beta ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Emergent Hyperkalemia ... Treatment Algorithm ... bradycardia, AV blocks ... treatment Remove potassium ... #Management
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Medications: beta ... blockers, digitalis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #potassium #high
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... duration CLASS 2 - Beta ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Pharmacology #Classification