11 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Asthma - COPD ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia • ... #diagnosis #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... - Hemolytic anemia ... Associated - SLE ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
• Autoimmune disorders ... Immunohistochemical studies (to differentiate ... number of sites of disease ... #hematology #oncology ... #management
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Neoplastic / Hematologic ... • Anemia • ... Arthritis • SLE ... Disease Neurologic ... • Somatization Disorder
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
SLE (Systemic Lupus ... Classification: ... permanent alopecia Differential ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... cyclophosphamide) • Hodgkin
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Diagnosis: Causes ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... restrictive lung disease ... (COPD, OSA, Asthma
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
overlaps with RA, SLE ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... renal tubular acidosis ... Malignancy Risk: • Non-Hodgkins ... Diagnosis #Management
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... such as systemic lupus ... vasculitis, and SLE ... #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #classification
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
presentations and disease ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #Diagnosis #causes