15 results
Tuberculosis Testing

LATENT TB
• LTBI is diagnosed when an asymptomatic patient has a positive TST or IGRA
of diagnosing and ... • History of BCG ... immunocompromised (e.g ... Testing #Diagnosis #Workup ... LatentTB #ActiveTB #InfectiousDiseases
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... r/o hemorrhage and ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... +/- TEE (high Afib ... v Holter (r/o Afib
Ascaris lumbricoides - Ascariasis Life Cycle
1) Adults in small intestine
2) Fertilized egg - Unfertilized egg (will
2) Fertilized egg ... - Unfertilized egg ... 3) Embryonated egg ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Heparin, Fondaparinux, and Novel Oral Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology

Anticoagulation with parenteral (intravenous or subcutaneous) and oral anticoagulants
Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology ... parenteral agents (e.g ... anticoagulant (e.g ... anticoagulant (e.g ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
Immune Reactions and ... cytokine synthesis, e.g ... Immunosuppressant #Drugs #Pharmacology ... #Pathophysiology
Coverage of common antibiotics used in the hospital

For empiric coverage, first define the type of infection,
prior resistance. e.g ... KPC, VRE. etc) and ... ID if needed (and ... #management #infectiousdisease ... #antibiogram #pharmacology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
alpha-1 blockers (e.g ... -5 inhibitors (e.g ... outflow - 5-ARIs (e.g ... receptor antagonists (e.g ... anticholinergics (e.g
Echinococcus Life Cycle
1) Adult in small intestine eggs
2) Embryonated egg in feces
3) Oncosphere hatches; penetrates intestinal
2) Embryonated egg ... commonly liver and ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Modified penicillin binding proteins as mechanism of resistance to antibiotics.
Penicillin Binding Proteins (Transpeptidases) cross link peptidoglycan
more antibiotic (e.g ... cephalosporin (e.g ... vancomycin to CTX (e.g ... remains active as it works ... Proteins #AMR #PBP #pharmacology
Fibrinolysis. 
Fibrinolysis occurs when plasminogen is activated to plasmin under the influence of factors such as
peptidase). urokinase, and ... Streptokinase and ... anticoagulant drugs (e.g ... Fibrinolysis #Pathway #Pathophysiology ... #Plasminogen #Pharmacology