20 results
Arthrocentesis - Joint Fluid Analysis

Effusion Characteristics (Color, Clarity, WCC, PMN, Crystals, Bacteria) by Disease Process: 
OA,
Clarity, WCC, PMN, Crystals ... positively birefringent crystals ... negatively birefringent crystals ... ), TB arthritis, ... Effusion #Analysis #Table
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Cl-: Vomiting, ... (late) • High Urine ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Cl-: Vomiting, ... (late) • High Urine ... aldosteronism #Metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... Urine chloride is
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... Crystals Uric Acid ... crystals: - Formation ... promoted by acidic urine ... #comparison #table
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
corresponding urine ... Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine ... Kidney #Stones #Crystals ... Composition #Shapes #Table
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
resulting in an acute arthritic ... Arthritis: Monarticular ... inflammatory arthritis ... Inflammatory Arthritis ... • Male sex • Metabolic
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Alkalosis Urine ... Volume Contraction Urine ... Cl > 20 (Saline ... Bicarbonate #Elevated #metabolic
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Some crystals ... may indicate metabolic ... contamination #Urine
Arthrocentesis of synovial fluid - Interpretation
 - Normal
 - Noninflammatory	
 - Inflammatory	
 - Septic

Viscosity of synovial
The presence of crystals ... rule out septic arthritis ... Effusion #Analysis #Table ... Septic #Infective #Arthritis