10 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... • Meningeal signs ... Space-occupying brain lesion ... • CNS infection ... #Differential #
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
basal ganglia, CNS ... meningitis), MCC CNS ... symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential ... collaboration • CNS
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... pressure, mass lesions ... movement deficits (CN ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... electromyographic (EMG ... #Weakness #Differential
Clinical Features of Carbon Monoxide Toxicity
CNS - Headache, Visual disturbances, Confusion, Ataxia, Seizure, Syncope, Retinal hemorrhage,
Monoxide Toxicity CNS ... - Headache, Visual ... - Chest pain, ECG ... - Bullous skin lesions ... Toxicity #Toxicology #Signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Infections in HIV - Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... Polymorphic skin lesions ... Multiple skin lesions ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... 50 years • New headache ... Progressive symptoms of headache ... chorioretinitis, CNS
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
papulosquamous lesions ... permanent alopecia Differential ... • Malignancy (e.g ... • May involve PNS ... and CNSHeadache
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential ... Anti-Mi2 (skin lesions ... papules and Gottron sign ... ) • Shawl sign ... nucleotidase 1A (Anti cN