10 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
• Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... Space-occupying brain ... lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g., meningitis
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
excludes other differentials ... ’s called Frog sign ... #PhysicalExam # ... JVP #Cardiology #Neck ... #Frog #Sign
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... : • Traumatic brain ... meningeal irritation signs ... • CNS Vasculitis ... #differential #
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... - Differential ... : • Headache and ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
C" (common for causes ... (fever + neck stiffness ... ) • Brain tumor ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... movement deficits (CN ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... of Headache: ... pain involving neck ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... of congenital brain ... #redflags #signs ... #symptoms #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... • Infectious causes ... ruled out • Brain ... management #neurology #differential
Cryptococcal meningitis on T2 MRI
30 M from sub-Saharan Africa presents w/ progressive Headache x1 mo, +neck
x1 mo, +neck pain ... low glucose) CNS ... organism (soap bubble sign ... Nausea & vomiting ... #T2 #MRI #Brain