12 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
• Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... Space-occupying brain ... lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g., meningitis
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... causes spinal cord ... #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pediatrics #Peds
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... : • Traumatic brain ... meningeal irritation signs ... • CNS Vasculitis ... #differential #
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... - Differential ... : • Headache and ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
Infection (e.g., meningitis ... (fever + neck stiffness ... ) • Brain tumor ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... movement deficits (CN ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... of Headache: ... pain involving neck ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... of congenital brain ... #redflags #signs ... #symptoms #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... • Infectious causes ... ruled out • Brain ... management #neurology #differential
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Neck: “dropping ... life-threatening Differential ... Myotonic dystrophy - Brain ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign