13 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
history of cancer, HIV ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... brain lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g., meningitis
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... causes spinal cord ... , Brudzinski's sign ... #Video #PhysicalExam
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... Ill, IV, and VI ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... - Jamestown Canyon ... Acute meningeal signs ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
excludes other differentials ... ’s called Frog sign ... Awaves #AVNRT #PhysicalExam ... JVP #Cardiology #Neck ... #Frog #Sign
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... , neck stiffness ... Tuberculous Meningitis ... Cryptococcal Meningitis ... #differential #
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... of Headache: ... pain involving neck ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
Infection (e.g., meningitis ... (fever + neck stiffness ... loss, cancer, HIV ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... Previous chronic meningitis ... #redflags #signs ... #symptoms #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... • Infectious causes ... simplex virus, HIV ... management #neurology #differential