8 results
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
bacilli - Fungi ... (Candida, Aspergillus ... Histoplasma) - Culture ... bacilli - Fungi ... Pathogens #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
negative infective ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... (Aspergillus, Candida ... BCNIE #Causes #differential ... #negative #Endocarditis
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... remain negative ... antimicrobials, clinical ... (Aspergillus, Candida ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #differential
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
preparation from culture ... exceptions are Aspergillus ... • India ink - "Negative ... #fungus #comparison ... #table
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
component of many fungi ... • Pathogens: Candida ... cut-offs defined in clinical ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
Common Fungal Pathology 
 • Candida - Small yeast intermingled with pseudohyphae
 • Aspergillosis - Septate
Pathology • Candida ... Fungal #Pathology #clinical ... #microscopy #table ... #atlas #key #comparison
Morphology and Descriptions of Endemic Fungal Infections with Yeasts in Tissues
Broad-based budding yeasts:
 • Description: Broad-based
Coccidioides spp, Candida ... Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus ... yeasts #pathology #clinical ... #atlas #fungi # ... microbiology #differential
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
component of many fungi ... • Routine use: Candida ... Almost always negative ... in BAL does not differentiate ... closely related fungi